Researchers model the motions of groups of manta rays to study how group dynamics affect their propulsion, studying different formations of three manta rays: in tandem, in a triangular setup with one ...

There are over 600 species of rays, including stingrays, skates, manta rays, and sawfish, and they come in many sizes. Rays are cartilaginous fish belonging to the class Chondrichthyes, which also ...

WASHINGTON, May 6, 2025 – From bird flocking to fish schooling, many biological systems exhibit some type of collective motion, often to improve performance and conserve energy. Compared to other ...