Dozens of new discoveries reveal that defenses evolved by bacteria and viruses billions of years ago still define our own ...

A new study has captured atomic-resolution snapshots of a brown recluse spider toxin latched onto cell-membrane lipids, ...

In 2019, scientists collected a small sample of microbes from rock-like structures on Australia’s west coast and cultured ...

Two continental plates collided beneath a shallow sea in Gabon's Franceville Basin approximately 2.1 billion years ago. Phosphorus and volcanic nutrients were ...

Researchers at the School of Biological Sciences of The University of Hong Kong (HKU) have uncovered how eukaryotic cells can control gene activity even after losing one of their major gene-regulatory ...

How do organic solar cells work on the inside? The answer lies in structures far too small to see—and difficult to access ...

If scientists could shrink themselves to microscopic size and take a journey through the human body—like the submarine crew ...

The genetic information stored in DNA is a living archive of instructions that cells use to accomplish the functions of life. Inside each cell, catalysts seek out the appropriate information from this ...

Mitochondria don’t just generate energy—they also carefully organize their own DNA in a surprisingly elegant way. Scientists have discovered that a long-overlooked phenomenon called “mitochondrial ...

Late 1600s – Dutch scientist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek constructed a microscope with a single spherical lens. It magnified up to ×275. 1800s - the optical quality of lenses increased and the microscopes ...

To use a light microscope to examine animal or plant cells. To make observations and draw scale diagrams of cells. Turn the coarse focus so that the stage is as close to the objective lens as possible ...