The Human Fertilization Process Sperm Capacitation & Transport Millions of sperm are deposited into the vagina and must swim through the cervix and uterus to reach the fallopian tubes. During this journey, they undergo capacitation, a “priming” process where the female tract’s fluids strip away certain proteins, giving sperm the ability to penetrate the egg. Meeting in the Ampulla Fertilization usually happens in the ampulla, the widest part of the fallopian tube. The egg (oocyte) is surrounded